Randolph Bourne Crying Out Against the Betrayal of the Values of Civilization :: Randolph Bourne Writers Essays

Randolph landmark Crying Out Against the Betrayal of the Values of CivilizationJohn land Passos wrote, that if ever a man had a ghost it was BourneA particular twisted unscared ghost in a black cloakhopping along the grimy old brick and brownstonestreets still left in downtown New York, holler come forth in a shrill soundless giggle war is the health of the state.Dos Passos, 1919 (N.Y. Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1932), pp. 105-106.When World War I erupted it came as a surprise to the overwhelming majority of American intellectuals. Its barbarity stuck them as anachronous and they tended to view the conflict as a temporary sidetrack in the knock against of civilization, an expression of residual animal instincts. The dawn of the Enlightenment and the tremendous come on made in the Nineteenth Century made war seem instead uncharacteristic (in their view) of humanitys evolving nature.Of course, they saw themselves as important and instrumental in defining and fine tuning that nature . On the leading edge of political and social brilliance, ivy-league educated, innate(p) to lead and with the silver spoon in the mouth to prove it, they were socialists. And when chair Woodrow Wilson (who had been re-elected as a peace candidate, under the slogan, He kept us out of war) opted to throw the full weight of the countrys resources into the European conflict, they rallied to his support.Randolph Bourne, who was to die in the flu epidemic shortly after the Armistice, cried out alone against the betrayal of the determine of civilization by his fellow writers. He and his magazine paid a heavy price and, of course, he did not live to see the backlash succeeding(a) the war. The damage had been done the stage was set for the idiocy of the conditions at Versailles, the ascendence of Adolph Hitler, the unimaginable horrors of National Socialism, and the destruction of the cities of Europe within the next thirty years.Randolph Bourne Crying Out Against the Betrayal of the Val ues of Civilization Randolph Bourne Writers EssaysRandolph Bourne Crying Out Against the Betrayal of the Values of CivilizationJohn Dos Passos wrote, that if ever a man had a ghost it was BourneA tiny twisted unscared ghost in a black cloakhopping along the grimy old brick and brownstonestreets still left in downtown New York,crying out in a shrill soundless giggleWar is the health of the state.Dos Passos, 1919 (N.Y. Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1932), pp. 105-106.When World War I erupted it came as a surprise to the overwhelming majority of American intellectuals. Its barbarity stuck them as anachronistic and they tended to view the conflict as a temporary sidetrack in the march of civilization, an expression of residual animal instincts. The dawn of the Enlightenment and the tremendous progress made in the Nineteenth Century made war seem quite uncharacteristic (in their view) of humanitys evolving nature.Of course, they saw themselves as important and instrumental in defining and fi ne tuning that nature. On the leading edge of political and social brilliance, ivy-league educated, born to lead and with the silver spoon in the mouth to prove it, they were socialists. And when President Woodrow Wilson (who had been re-elected as a peace candidate, under the slogan, He kept us out of war) opted to throw the full weight of the countrys resources into the European conflict, they rallied to his support.Randolph Bourne, who was to die in the flu epidemic shortly after the Armistice, cried out alone against the betrayal of the values of civilization by his fellow writers. He and his magazine paid a heavy price and, of course, he did not live to see the backlash following the war. The damage had been done the stage was set for the idiocy of the conditions at Versailles, the ascendency of Adolph Hitler, the unimaginable horrors of National Socialism, and the destruction of the cities of Europe within the next thirty years.

We Must Work Together to Reduce Domestic Violence Essay -- Violence Aga

Domestic effect is an act of crime which occurs in interior(prenominal) household units. It is as well known as as spousal nuisance or family violence. Domestic violence is not only related to physical jest at but too mad, sexual, pecuniary, mental and vocal threats. According to ( Human Right Watch, 1995) cited from Macionis, John J., 2008. Domestic violence is defined as bodily harm, usually accompanied by verbal threats and harassment, emotional abuse or the destruction of property as means of coercion, control, revenge, or punishment on a person with whom the abuser is in outline relationship. Besides that, according to an article by Womens Aid, the government defines violence as any incident of threatening behavior, violence or abuse (psychological, physical, sexual, financial or emotional) between adults who are or have been intimate partners or family members, regardless of gender or sexuality. Domestic violence can happen and whitethorn happen to any ind ividual despite their gender, social class or status, life style, age, family background, race, ethnicity or place of living. Any individual can be a dupe of domestic violence. Based on an article titled Physical Violence against Women the World Health Organization reported that 40 to 70 part of women were murdered in the United States, Canada, Australia and Israel by their husbands or male partners. Domestic violence can be categorized into different categories. Firstly, is physical violence. Physical violence is physical abuse whereby the abuser will hit, kick, burn, punch, slap, smack and perform any action using body or objects that will hurt and bruise the victims physical health. An example of physical abuse is severe burns on the body due to cigarette burns. Secondly is emotional abuse. Emotional abuse is just opposite of physical abuse because the abuser will use harsh, vulgar and negative words to emotionally abuse the victim. The implication of verbal abuse such as yellin g, isolation, name-calling and shaming also falls in the same category of emotional abuse. For example, shouting out vulgar words is a form of emotional abuse. Emotional abuse can cause severe depression and also lack of confidence. Besides that, it can also cause decrease of self worth(predicate) and independence. Thirdly is financial abuse whereby the abuser will financially torture their victims who are usually their spouse or... ...d the news via online sources such as electronic mails (e-mail), facebook, cheep and etc. We can use these social webs to spread awareness regarding domestic violence and help public to prevent them from being a victim. The public essential learn to speak up whenever they encounter domestic violence or abuse instead of keeping quiet and suffering. They should not hesitate and must be brave enough to lodge a complaint. As a conclusion, every individual must play their part in order to stop domestic violence from occurring or getting worse. Domestic violence will not only hurt and harm human beings but also affects the country and nation. We should be more cooperative and work together to overcome domestic violence and abuse. We must show more love for each other, be more concern, realize each other feelings and the rights of being a human being. Therefore, we must live together in happiness, peace and harmony. Works Cited Macionis, John J. 2008. Social problems, 3rd edition, Pearson prentice hall New Jersey.

The Use of Personification in An Essay on Criticism :: English Literature

The Use of Personification in An assay on CriticismAn Essay on Criticism was written by British writer Alexander Popearound 1709. This poem was written in heroic couplets and its purposewas to channel Popes opinion on literature as a poet and critic. Pope is responding to the debate over whether or not poets shouldwrite naturally or base their work on a set of pre-determined rulesas done by ancient poets. Popes poem can be scattered down into threemain points. The first section is used by Pope to give generalprinciples of good criticism and poetry. The second sectionidentifies the flaws a critic is prone to. The third sectionaddresses the moral traits a good critic must have and gives examplesof outstanding critics. Popes use of prosopopoeia throughout thepoem allows him to expand his ideas and secure his argument whilecreating a very memorable poem. His use of personification allows thepoem to come to life with event (Pope 2476).Pope begins the poem by stating it is less offens ive to tire ourPatience, than mislead our Sense (Pope 4) meaning it is much moreharmful to be a inquisitive critic than a bad poet. Tis with our judgmentsas our watches, none/ Go just alike, yet each believes his own (Pope9). Here Pope uses a watch to impersonate judgments. Everyone may havetheir own opinion that they believe is right. Most have seeds ofjudgment in their mind Nature affords at least a glimm sonorousness light(Pope 20). Men at one time do have seeds of good judgment, but Popesays that in the search wit they are defaced by false education andloose their common sense. Some neither can for wits nor criticspass, as heavy mules are neither horse nor ass (Pope 38). This product linerefers to those who never became intellectuals or good critics. Theyare somewhere in between, not worthy of a name. Instead they arereferred to as half-formed insects on the banks of Nile (Pope 41). The bugs represent the critics who seethe every work of literature withtheir malicious critic isms.Pope recommends following nature as the first rule By her juststandard, which is still the same whiz clear, unchanged, anduniversal light (Pope 68). Pope here states that rules are necessaryin order to criticize poetry. He compares theses rules to unerringnature which is believed to be the epitome of high-minded order andharmony. The rules of the Ancients are useful guidelines for the truecritic, for they are Nature Methodized (Pope 89). He believes thatmany recent critics have used the rules without understanding them.

Robert Jervis - Perception And Level Of Analysis :: essays research papers

Robert Jervis in Perception and Level of Analysis espouses the nonion that in order to fully explain crucial decisions and policies it is essential that wizard pays heed to the decision-makers beliefs about the world and his or her perceptions of others. Rather than attempting to understand foreign policies as directly resulting from the trine other levels of analytic thinking, the bureaucratic, the domestic, and the international environment, which he outlines, Jervis contends that examination of a decision-makers perceptions, both their causes and effects, can more readily determine and explain behavioral patterns in such a light, the taxonomy or three other levels of analysis appear devoid of truth value when applied alone, and all related theories argon shown as invalid except in extreme cases. Nonetheless, one might more accurately contest that while careful study of a decision-makers beliefs is a necessity for comprehension, analysis of such beliefs is in fact an examinat ion of bureaucratic organizations, domestic circumstances, and the international environment all four are relate in the sense that the perceptions of the decision-maker are influenced by the circumstances existent in the three other levels. Likewise the three levels are themselves affected and often adapted by the politicians choices. Therefore, in order to provide the most comprehensive explanations of foreign policy decisions one cannot completely disregard externalities, and conversely one cannot ignore individual perceptions of decision-makers.One cannot rely solely on the bureaucratic level of analysis, the domestic, the international environment, or even on a combination of the three as adequate. What one might interpret as a clash of bureaucratic interests and stands yielding incoherent and conflicting policies, could in reality be a clash among values that are widely held in both society and the decision-makers own minds (Jervis 28). Similarly, if domestic situations were t he medium upon which politicians base their decisions then changes in leadership would not necessarily produce significant changes in foreign policy however, the consistency of foreign policy is difficult to measure. For example, some might contend that the Cold state of war would not have occurred had President Franklin Delano Roosevelt not died they suggest that his death altered American policy in the sense that President Truman and his anti-Soviet position came to dominate policy-making decision-making. Others contest that FDR would have acted similarly to Truman, as he too was coming to an anti-Soviet stance prior to his death. If the former is seen as accurate the domestic level of analysis is insufficient and not applicable, but in the latter instance it could be viewed as a valid basis for judging decision-making.

Mythology in Oedipus Rex Essay -- Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

Mythology in Oedipus Rex In The Oedipus Legend Bernard M. W. Knox talks of the advan drages accruing to Sophocles as a user of myths in his dramas The myths he used gave to his plays, withtaboo whatever effort on his part, some of those larger dimensions of authority which the modern dramatist must create out of nothing if his play is to be more than a passing entertainment. The myths had the authority of history, for myth is in one of its aspects the only history of an age that kept no records. . . . the myths served as typical patterns of the conduct of man and the verbalism of the gods (85). This essay seeks to explore the life of the flawed mythological person, Oedipus, as protagonist of Sophocles Oedipus Rex. E. T. Owen in Drama in Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus comments on the mythological beginnings of Oedipus Rex Professor Goodell says addicted an old myth to be dramatized, Sophocles primary question was, Just what sort of people were they, must they pretend been, who naturally did and suffered what the tales say they did and suffered? That was his method of analysis (38). In his essay Sophoclean Tragedy Friedrich Nietzsche searches out the mythology in this drama, and finds that the story originates in Persia Oedipus who murders his father and marries his mother. Oedipus who solves the riddle of the Sphinx What does this mysterious tierce of fateful deeds tell us? An past legend, occurring in purest form among the Persians, relates that a wise magician is born only as a event of incest which, looking back to Oedipus, riddle-solver, wooer of his mother, we cannot hesitate to explicate. . . .(17). Nietzsches tracing of th... ...s, edited by Thomas Woodard. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. E. T. Owen in Drama in Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus. In twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, edited by Michael J. OBrien. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. Segal, Charles. Oedipus Tyrannus Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge. New York Twayne Publishers, 1993. Sophocles In Literature of the Western World, edited by Brian Wilkie and pile Hurt. NewYork Macmillan Publishing Co., 1984. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Transl. by F. Storr. no pag. http//etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/browse-mixed new?tag=public&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&part=0&id=SopOedi Van Nortwick, Thomas. Oedipus The Meaning of a Masculine Life. Norman, OK University of Oklahoma Press, 1998. Mythology in Oedipus Rex Essay -- Oedipus the King Oedipus RexMythology in Oedipus Rex In The Oedipus Legend Bernard M. W. Knox talks of the advantages accruing to Sophocles as a user of myths in his dramas The myths he used gave to his plays, without any effort on his part, some of those larger dimensions of authority which the modern dramatist must create out of nothing if his play is to be more than a passing entertainment. The myths had the authority of history, for myth is in one o f its aspects the only history of an age that kept no records. . . . the myths served as typical patterns of the conduct of man and the manifestation of the gods (85). This essay seeks to explore the life of the flawed mythological person, Oedipus, as protagonist of Sophocles Oedipus Rex. E. T. Owen in Drama in Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus comments on the mythological beginnings of Oedipus Rex Professor Goodell says Given an old myth to be dramatized, Sophocles primary question was, Just what sort of people were they, must they have been, who naturally did and suffered what the tales say they did and suffered? That was his method of analysis (38). In his essay Sophoclean Tragedy Friedrich Nietzsche searches out the mythology in this drama, and finds that the story originates in Persia Oedipus who murders his father and marries his mother. Oedipus who solves the riddle of the Sphinx What does this mysterious trinity of fateful deeds tell us? An ancient legend, occurring in purest form among the Persians, relates that a wise magician is born only as a result of incest which, looking back to Oedipus, riddle-solver, wooer of his mother, we cannot hesitate to explicate. . . .(17). Nietzsches tracing of th... ...s, edited by Thomas Woodard. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. E. T. Owen in Drama in Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus. In Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, edited by Michael J. OBrien. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. Segal, Charles. Oedipus Tyrannus Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge. New York Twayne Publishers, 1993. Sophocles In Literature of the Western World, edited by Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. NewYork Macmillan Publishing Co., 1984. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Transl. by F. Storr. no pag. http//etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/browse-mixed new?tag=public&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&part=0&id=SopOedi Van Nortwick, Thomas. Oedipus The Meaning of a Masculine Life. Norman, O K University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.

The Great Depression :: American History Economy Essays

The Great DepressionThere had been financial panics before, and there have been some since, but never did a collapse in the market have such a devastating and long-term effect. Like a snowball, it formed and swept away the whole economy before it. Businesses closed, pose millions out of work. Banks failed by the hundreds. Wages for those who were fortunate enough to still have work fell drastically. The value of money decreased as the demand for goods declined. The world-wide structure of world trade collapsed, and each nation sought to protect its own industrial base by imposing high tariffs on merchandise goods. This only made matters worse. By the fall of 1931, the international gold standard had collapsed, further damaging any hope for the recovery of trade. This started a series of bullion devaluations in several countries, because these nations realized that a devalued currency posed at least a temporary advantage in the struggle to recover markets for their goods.This was the start of the Great Depression of 1929 to 1940, which began and centered in the United States but spread quickly throughout the industrial world. By 1932, United States industrial widening had been cut in half. One fourth of the labor force (about 15 million people) was out of work, and there was no such thing as unemployment insurance. periodic wages had dropped by about 50 percent. Prices for agricultural products dropped to their lowest level since the Civil War. More than 90,000 businesses failed completely.For nearly every unemployed person, their were dependents who needed to be feed and housed. This massive poverty and hunger had never before been known in the United States. Former millionaires stood on street corners trying to sell apples at 5 cents apeice. Hundreds of pitiful shantytowns, called vacuum-cleanvilles in honor of the unfortunate Republican president who presided over the disaster, sprang up all over the country to shelter the homeless. People slept under Hoover blankets (old newspapers) in the out-of-doors. People waited in bread lines in every city, hoping for something to eat. In 1931 alone, more than 20,000 Americans committed suicide. The theme song of the time was Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?For anyone who did have money, depression America was a shoppers paradise. A new home could be bought for less than $3,000. A mans suit costed about $10, a tog about 50 cents, and a pair of shoes about $4.

The Great Depression :: American History Economy Essays

The Great DepressionThere had been financial panics in advance, and there have been some since, but never did a give out in the market have such a devastating and long-term effect. Like a snowball, it formed and swept away the whole economy before it. Businesses closed, putting millions out of work. Banks failed by the hundreds. Wages for those who were fortunate enough to still have work fell drastically. The value of money decreased as the acquire for goods declined. The international structure of world trade collapsed, and each nation sought to protect its own industrial base by imposing high tariffs on imported goods. This only made matters worse. By the fall of 1931, the international gold standard had collapsed, further damaging any hope for the recovery of trade. This started a serial publication of currency devaluations in several countries, because these nations realized that a devalued currency posed at least a temporary advantage in the skin to find markets for their g oods.This was the start of the Great Depression of 1929 to 1940, which began and centered in the United States but spread quickly throughout the industrial world. By 1932, United States industrial output had been cut in half. One fourth of the labor force (about 15 million people) was out of work, and there was no such thing as unemployment insurance. Hourly wages had dropped by about 50 percent. Prices for agricultural products dropped to their lowest level since the Civil War. More than 90,000 businesses failed completely.For nearly every unemployed person, their were dependents who needed to be fed and housed. This massive poverty and hunger had never before been known in the United States. Former millionaires stood on street corners trying to sell apples at 5 cents apeice. Hundreds of pitiful shantytowns, called Hoovervilles in honor of the unfortunate Republican president who presided over the disaster, sprang up all over the country to shelter the homeless. People slept chtho nian Hoover blankets (old newspapers) in the out-of-doors. People waited in bread lines in every city, hoping for something to eat. In 1931 alone, more than 20,000 Americans committed suicide. The theme song of the time was Brother, Can You otiose a Dime?For anyone who did have money, depression America was a shoppers paradise. A new home could be bought for less than $3,000. A mans suit costed about $10, a shirt about 50 cents, and a pair of shoes about $4.

America’s Postwar Divide

The end of the Civil struggle brought opportunities and disadvantages for earthly concerny Americans depending on hotshots race, ethnicity and abilities. Chapters seventeen through twenty of The American Nation explains the changes which occurred in American society post civil war due to industrialism. The fol get-going turn out examines the prohibitions created by an inefficient government causing discrimination of the poor in the mid-to-late 1800s. Severe discrimination of minorities and the poor led to a corrupt American government toying only to benefit themselves and important wealthy voters.Congress used bribery to examine their financial needs were met while those of American citizens were ignored. Many tactics were uses to ensure Congress remained Republican, such as criticizing Democrats as rebels and using the bloody shirt as a reminder of the violence and untrusting nature of Democrats during the Civil War (449). Many Americans were distrustful of Congress, and wit h good reason. An example of such distrust was seen in Americans desire for American currency to be changed from paper money back to coin because they feared government would print as much money as necessary to cover an increase or decrease in revenue enhancementes (450).Civil service reform was a concern during the post Civil War term moreover the barriers were immense (450). There were galore(postnominal) factors contributing to the need for civil service reform. There was a long list of useless presidents and the hiring of unqualified lieutenants by politicians because of their involvement in the Civil War. In order to keep their congressional status, politicians needed loyal employees and by celebrating Americas patriots, they were adding on votes to ensure their success.As the author wrote in The American Nation, patronage was the lifeblood of politics (451) basically politicians bribed soldiers with high paying jobs and preferential discourse in return for their votes. Reformers wanted nonpartisan professional civil service and both democratic and republican politicians made a mockery of them (451). Although the Reconstruction era looked promising for Americas black men and women, it quickly became a failure. Minorities were treated very poorly postwar.One ineffective president, President Hayes, could have made a difference in the lives of black Americans, but when President Hayes realized his hopes were useless, he did not pursue the problem further (451). Poll taxes created an economic barrier to blacks an poor bloodlesss and the Fifth Amendment was not upheld for blacks (451). The literacy tests for the right to vote were rigged for illiterate whites and not for illiterate blacks giving white votes the majority. Because blacks were treated as stupid and inferior, white law makers felt it was okay to restrict their rights.Rather than improving American society by addressing equal rights and liberties, congress spent their time making sure the thick and the white succeeded by restricting the rights of others who could get in the way. The Civil Rights Cases (1883) and Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) gave way to legalized segregation laws in schools, prisons, hospitals and anywhere public services were available. The only way blacks open up success was through separatism, where they established communities of their own, and financially supporting the community through black calling ownership (453).Blacks were forced to make the choice between coming upon and accommodation (454). Immigrants suffered as well, they were seen as a drain on society and were accused of taking the jobs of other Americans because of their cheap labor (454). Immigrants rushed to America with the get up of industry and manufacturing, yet they could only afford the slums where disease and violence were abundant. This gave them a bad reputation and therefore Americans demanded laws be made to protect their jobs and money from immigrants.The Plains Indian s were withdraw from their land and many violent attacks caused the death of thousands of Indians. White influence threatened to take culture away from the Indians, as Indians began buying new technologies from Americans. White man wanted to civilize the Indians by passing the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 which was a promise of education and some land which resulted in the Indians loss of culture and tax increases on land resulting in a loss of land (462). American greed such as seen during the gold rush, trampled on the lives of the Indians.Rich, powerful industrial leadership took away land for railroad development, cleanup of the tribes food source and killing off most of the Indians (462). Wealth rose among the business tycoons but not for the fairish American citizen. It was a kill or be killed society. As population increase, food and transport demand also increased, bringing wealth to industry giants (472). political sympathies was so ineffective in creating regulations f or businesses that many business owners took it upon themselves to fix things, such as seen with the oversupply of cows.However, the ranchers for the most part destroyed their businesses by unintentionally killing their cows with barbed wire fences (473). The exploitation of natural resources brought expansion to American manufacturing, farmers were getting replaced and they lost the respect of many Americans and the government did nothing to help (477). The get up of new and competing technologies made businesses and their products quickly become obsolete (487). Lowering product prices to in order to compete with similar companies caused job loss and other problems in society.Mergers took place without any government regulations and peoples jobs were very unstable. The government tried to get their act together by creating business regulations, such as the Sherman Act, which were essentially ineffective (495). Labor unions caused more strikes and violence than actual assistance fo r workers. Employees were in constant distress from more skilled workers taking over jobs, employers who could throw them out at any time and union opportunities met with employer disapproval (498). Wealth was unevenly distributing to only a few and the few became smaller with every year (500).The wealthy business owners held ordinary citizens fates in their hands because their money controlled the government and the court systems (500). The meat class society benefited from big businesses and lived well and extremely wasteful (505). New technologies caused many workers the inability to keep up with the needed skills and once new schools and colleges were opened many college grads got the jobs while both male and female unskilled industrial workers suffered low wages and could not live decently (505).The uneven balance of societys wealth can be demonstrated through the type of work women maintained. Although all women were paid less middle class women worked as nurses teachers and lower class as sales and cashier clerks (505). Stability was a problem middle class workers saved money if their jobs were not stable where stable workers would spend their money (507). Social culture was important to the rich and middle class but the poor were discriminated against enjoying such privileges (516). Even the church discriminated against the poor.Protestants were the only ones to take a step in the right direction and help the poor improve their lives, not with charity but with reform (524). Socialist ideals became popular towards the turn of the century likely because of governments inability to help all Americans and not middling themselves and other wealthy citizens. Society wanted to see welfare, unemployment benefits, nationalizing industries, public housing and many other beneficial programs for the needy and equal opportunities for all Americans (524).

Harcourt Brace & Company Essay

The essence of the female ego in Virginia Woolfs To the Lighthouse is one that encapsulates unity above a disparaging patriarchy. The second part of the book Time Passes emphasizes this point with the symbolism familiar in the war. That is to say, that while work force inspectk start self-pity as Mr. Ramsey does, as men seek to conquer and control with force or coercion as Mr. Ramsey does by trying to get his wife to tell him she loves him, women be the counterpart to this chaos. Virginia Woolf presents women in her figment as quite cap adequate to(p) of beingness power figures while retaining a distinct feminine side.The following essay will present the argument that To the Lighthouse is a smart primarily observant of the differences of the handed-downistic versus the fresh female role. Both of these roles ar presented accurately in Mrs. Ramseys temperament. It is her dichotomy of the role of female that this paper will argue is the balance between modern and tradition al cleaning adult female. In Mrs. Ramseys character is found the conglomeration of both modern and traditional roles for women. She at once prioritizes herself to fit the demands and fulfill the needs of the men around her.For example, she offers her husband loving support whenever he reveals himself to be self-pitying. She does not chastise him but encourages hope in all of her relations with her husband. This means that even though as a modern char charwoman she cannot bring herself to say the words I love you, she does in fact love him, and she shows it through analogy by agreeing with his mandates. One such mandate is that the mooring to the lighthouse that their watchword James wants so fervently to go on cannot be accomplished because the weather the next day will be in any case rough of a voyage.Although Mrs. Ramsay does not tell her husband she loves him, her acquiesce to his command says as much. She is willing to allow her husband to know her feelings only through illustration and symbols, not through actual words. This is very much a modern woman because a traditional woman would not have enough personality to oppose the wants of her husband by still giving him what he wants in a fashion. In addition, Mrs. Ramsay acquiesces with most of the men who ar guests at the house.This shows the more traditional side of her as a woman. Her attention is more centered on the male guests needs than it is for the women who atomic number 18 also staying at the house. This focused attention proves that Mrs. Ramsey is being presented by Woolf in a more structured outline of the traditional woman. Mrs. Ramsey caters to the mens needs in whatever condenser possible. However, she only caters to them because she believes they are not unafraid enough to support themselves or do too much of anything indep final stageently.She lavishes the men in the house will support in their military commission and opinions because she believes they need unalterable atten tion because a they have fragile self-esteem. This self-esteem is emphasized with the portrayal Woolf delivers of Mr. Ramsey. Although Mrs. Ramsey supports and loves her husband, she too finds it difficult to constantly give him affirmation. Another capacity by which Mrs. Ramsey plays the traditional female role is through her motherhood. It is James that most of her attention is devoted.Even though James holds great resentment towards his father for denying him his appetite to visit the lighthouse, Mrs. Ramsey persists in giving James hope that it may be possible. She does this not to promise something false but to keep alive in her son the sense of wonderment in life. This does not fit the description of a modern woman. The idea of tradition being enveloped inside of motherhood is one that Woolf delivers with need replication with Mrs. Ramsey. With Augustus Carmichael, she behaves in the same fashion as she does with her son James and her husband.Mrs. Ramsey is not very fond of Augustus but when she makes a trip into tget, she asks him if there is anything, he is in need of. She does this simple act of kindness because she believes in the good in people and is not a cynic. In the dichotomy of the traditional and modern female role the catering to the needs of men, even men for which a woman cares nothing for, it is in Mrs. Ramseys traditional female nature, her motherhood, to give to men their desires. According to Woolf in her novel, To the Lighthouse men are more like children than like adults.It is with men that wars are started (as is evident in the second part of the book). workforce are centered on their ego thus, their world exists around them and everything is focused on their needs. Children are the same way. Children exist in their own world, and in this world, their desires are fulfilled indefinitely and unconditionally. By this statement, it is evident that the traditional role that Mrs. Ramsey fulfills in the novel is by the above definition a role she fulfills as a mother. Therefore, contingently, Mrs.Ramsey is not only at once fulfilling a traditional role, by also a modern female role. This is accomplished by Woolf through Mrs. Ramsay by presenting to the reader Mrs. Ramsey as a mother and by extension her role as a mother as it pertains to men. Mrs. Ramsey treats men the way she treats men (as children) because she is a mother. She is not subservient to men as a traditional female role would declare but instead as a mother she transcends the traditional role into the modern female role because she believes that men need her help because they are incapable of helping themselves.Mrs. Ramseys traditional role in the novel morphs into a modern role as the book progresses. In this progression, the reader can witness how Mrs. Ramsey changes her roles by small revelations that the character herself gives the reader. It is not therefore obligatory to say that there exists a breadth of difference for Mrs. Ramsey between be ing a traditional woman to being a modern woman, but it is prevalent to state that by these small revelations to the audience into the depth of Mrs. Ramseys character that she was always intended to be portrayed as a modern woman.The modulation between traditional to modern woman can more aptly be seen in Lily Briscoes character. At the beginning of the book, she is a traditional woman because she lacks self-confidence. She allows the opinion of the men in the house to undermine her work as a painter and by succumbing to their ideas she is not a dominant character and therefore a modern woman. The traditional woman is seen as submissive and without threat to mens opinions Lily fulfills this in the first part of Woolfs novel.Before the end of the first part of the book until now, Lily is being presented with more of a modern woman personality. This is seen in her rejection of Mrs. Ramseys life. Mrs. Ramsey is representational of the traditional woman because she is married and she has children. With Lilys character, Woolf designs a less likely candidate for motherhood. Lily cannot see herself fulfilling the role of a mother and so as the novel progresses her docile nature is surpassed by her stronger self that is the self which denies tradition, foregoes motherhood and focuses on the self and its needs.The real transition of traditional to modern female roles can best be witnessed in the portrait Lily paints of Mrs. Ramsey. At the beginning of the novel, Lily attempts to bring to life the spirit of Mrs. Ramsey in a portrait. The men of the house give their stalwart opinions about its composition, its line, color, and size. Lily, in her traditional female role, tries to learn to each man and do what they believe would make a better characterisation. The painting is subsequently abandoned by Lily who signifies her unloading the opinions of others to try to find out what it is she wants to do.At the end of the novel, Lily once again picks up the painting in ho pes of trying to finish it. With the second attempt at the painting, Lily realizes her own artistic vision. She is no longer plagued by following anyone elses guidelines to her own art and begins painting with only her opinions in mind. Lily is dedicated to finishing the painting and does so with only her own voice to guide her. This revelation signifies the transition for Lily in Woolfs novel from tradition female who panders to the male audience to a Lily who bears witness to her thoughts only.This means that Lily is strong enough as a woman to deny the right of anyone telling her how to attempt her own vision and to paint according to her own unique style. The painting is representational of how Lily was once burdened by the patriarch and egotistical opinions of the men in the house and at the close of the novel she is finally able to see the fruition of not only her painting but the audience can also see how Woolf lead the audience through Lilys struggles and finally at the end she becomes her own woman.The accomplishment of the painting also represents how Lily feels on equal grounds with Mr. Ramsey. Mr. Ramsey being a symbol of all men and their facade of superiority is it significant that Lily finally feels on equal grounds with Mr. Ramsey because this means she has found self worth. This can best be seen in the fact that Lily is painting Mrs. Ramseys portrait in order to prove to Charles Tansley that women can paint and write. By finishing this painting Lily if proving not only to herself but also to men that women are more than capable of great artistic accomplishments.Self-worth is a primary attribute of the modern woman in Woolf novels, and To the Lighthouse is no exception. The pairing of these two women exemplifies how traditional roles and modern roles for women were enforced through patriarchy. The purpose of the novel and the emphasis on the roles of women and the fulfilling of these roles through Woolfs characters portrays a significant diverg ence from typical feminist literature. Mrs. Ramsey affirms herself through her motherhood and the way in which this affects her view of all men that they are more like children who need a guiding hand.Mr. Ramsey fulfills this role of ego and so the novel is complete with the victory of matriarchy over patriarchy even with the involvement of motherhood which is seen more as a traditional female role. It is with Lily however that a more complete vision of the modern woman may be seen. It is also, with her finishing the painting that the unity which Mrs. Ramsey sought at the beginning of the novel is accomplished.This unity is found in Lily realizing herself to be equal to the ego of man in particular Mr. Ramsey. It is Mr. Ramsey, who, at the end of the novel becomes less significant because of his constant need for affirmation. Due to Lily not being able to give him this only proves that she has become a modern woman because Mrs. Ramsey as a traditional woman pandered to her husbands needs but Lily has broken the tie between Mr. Ramseys wants herself. In closing it must be re-emphasized that while Mrs. Ramsey does portray a more traditional women she also transcends these lines by her own view of the world and her interaction with it. She gives men what they want because she feels as though they are in need of her guidance the motherhood role.For Lily however who denies this role, she is a modern woman because she finally unfetters herself from the overwhelming voices of egoism and maleness in the house and by doing this she is finally able to finish her painting. It is with the painting that the true role of the modern woman is best expressed by Woolf. The modern woman, or Lily in the novel is a woman who is not in need of affirmation as the men were portrayed to be (i. e. Mr. Ramsey) but she is independent and follows through with her own artistic vision and voice.BibliographyWoolf, Virginia. (1981). To the Lighthouse. Harcourt duet & Company. New York.

Methods of depreciation Essay

After completing the spreadsheet for Fan Company A, I suggest that the company use units of output for their method of depreciation. The reason why I direct units-of-production, which is also known as activity method, is due to the fact that is incorporates the straight-line method while figuring in the life expectancy in terms of come/time of operation for the addition (WileyPlus). For example why depreciate a piece of equipment the same amount every year if in that year it has been barleycorn used compared to a year when it has been in constant use. Depreciating using units-of -production can in my opinion more accurately determine the life and prize of the item in question. The reason why I do not suggest using straight-line method is because it measures age and doesnt consider the amount of usage.I did read in the text of WileyPlus that most companies use the straight-line method because of its simplicity and is a constant dollar figure they can determine each year. aspect at double declining balance method it has the assets depreciating at an accelerated rate compared to the other methods. This method does not compute the deduction of salvage regard as in it. Even-though this method will have a greater result in depreciation expense each year the total depreciation oer the lifespan of the asset will not be greater than the total depreciation.Furthermore, another method of accelerated depreciation is sum-of-the-years-digits. This method takes the assets judge life and adds together the digits for each year. So if the asset was expected to last for five years, the sum of the years digits would be obtained by adding 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 to get a total of 15. Each digit is then divided by this sum to determine the percentage by which the asset should be depreciated each year. Even-though this method takes into consideration the life of the asset it is to accelerated and can depreciate faster than needed while causing the asset to bet invaluable when in all actuality it is in good operating/functioning order.Works Citied PageWileyPlus, Kieso, Internediate, Accouting, 14th edition, 2000-2014, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

What Is Your Academic Or Career Goal

What is your academic or career goal? In 400 words or slight I plan on going to college to pursue my major and become very successful in the future. I am ambitious. I choose to physical body a career in finance and accounting. I have chosen this career because Math is required for business. I have chosen the business stadium because I enjoyed my business classes the most. When I took business and finance, I learned things that I can use when I am out on my own in the future. I am determined to do whatever it takes to accomplish my dream Job.My education is important to me with this I will be able to become much successful in life. I would like to receive a scholarship from you. beguile consider my scholarship needs. I desire a successful future. Please help me give something back to society. I believe that you can see my need. I believe that one can only succeed if they believe too. convey you for your time and consideration. By going to college I will be able to have good educ ation. This education will change me In a verificatory way.By continuing on In recruit of a degree in business, I will develop into a positive Influence and a bestow factor for the betterment of society. With my enthusiasm for higher education, I will be able to obtain a great lifestyle. I know that In hostelry for me to be successful, I must work my hardest. For me, failure Is never an option. I will continue to Influence my present and future family, as well as my surrounding community. It Is my duty to exemplify positive morals, strength, and how to be a successful black man In society. This Is essential for the success of future generations.

Miss Johnson in “Going to the Moon”

put down Johnson in Going to the Moon Many authors use symbols as a device in their texts. In Going to the Moon, by Nina Ricci, symbolism is used to illuminate the themes and provide a deeper meaning to the short story. The instructor in the short story, flatten Johnson is the just about important symbol. Miss Johnson is a necessary symbol because she represents important themes throughout, including the connection between the cashier and his peers, hope for the narrator and credenza of the narrator.Miss Johnson represents the single connection that the narrator and his peers share, providing a sense of security for the boy to avoid humiliation and teasing. The narrator and his classmates both share a deep sack out for Miss Johnson I felt protected in that common love, in the importance I gained in sharing it, as if Id been include in a game that could have no losers, no chance for ridicule or shame (Page 213).Miss Johnson is a very important symbol in the play because the co nnection that she made possible was very important to the narrator as a sense of protection from his peers bantering and a sense of macrocosm equal and similar to his classmates. Just as Miss Johnson represents the connection between the narrator and his peers, she alike represents hope for the narrators future.Whenever the narrator is in the heading of Miss Johnson, he feels optimistic towards and confident about his life and how it will unfold. His thoughts when he goes to school and sees Miss Johnson entail I felt the small scintillant hope that my life could be different, that the things marked me out could be erased, a hope made urgent, desperate, by the love that I felt for our teacher Miss Johnson (Page 212).Miss Johnson also represents hope for the narrator because she is different form all of her colleagues, however, she is still accepted and respected by her students Miss Johnson was one of the few lay teachers at Assumption, and she stood out form the stiff formality of the priests and nuns like a burst of colour in a grey landscape, coming to school in lip rouge and high heels in blouses of shimmering silk, and we and we were all in love with her, proudly, self-importantly, all hoped to be chosen by her to wipe the blackboards or fetch chalk from the storeroom (Pages 212-213).Miss Johnson is the most important symbol in the play because the hope that the narrator feels for his life to be better is planted by the existence of Miss Johnson, and his loving thoughts towards her. Miss Johnson not only represents hope, but she also represents acceptance of the narrator. Miss Johnson is one of the few, if not the only one who accepts the narrator in this short story.She shows her acceptance of the boy when he stays inside during recess with her to help her with a bulletin board in the classroom she began to hum some song softly to herself as if she had forgotten that I was standing beneath her and it made me feel oddly relieved to be taken for granted like that, to have been drawn thoughtlessly into the small private sphere of Miss Johnsons aloneness as if there were nothing strange or remarkable about me (Page 213).The acceptance towards the narrator that Miss Johnson represents is another reason why Miss Johnson is the most important symbol in the short story. Miss Johnson is not only a teacher in the story, she is also a significant symbol which represents important themes in the short story including acceptance for the narrator hope for the narrator, and the bridge that connects the narrator to the children in his class. Without Miss Johnson none of these themes would be apparent, and the boy would have little hope for the future. Miss Johnson is a crucial symbol in this short story.Read alsoMoon By Chaim Potok

Interview Questions and Answers

How are you qualified for this position? I believe that I am qualified for this position because of my fellowship and skills within the networking and database fields. I have developed these skills through preceding work experiences and also by completing my bachelors degree program in Network communications Management. 2. What are your strengths? I have many strengths and skills that I have acquired through life experiences, job history, and from school.I think the major strengths that I have acquired are loyalty, utilise work ethic, and patience. 3. What are your weaknesses? The current weakness or challenges I face in a work environment is my kindness. Sometimes people can sprout advantage of a person who Is too kind, which can be difficult in a work environment. I am working on adjudicate this problem by identifying those who are trying to take advantage of me and resolving the issue by confronting them. 4. What are your short-term remnants? The most Important short-term goa l right now Is to establish a great work environment where I received employment.I also want to be sure I am exceeding expectations in order to receive great responsibility and growth within the company. 5. What are your long-term goals? My long term goal is to continue to fill out my knowledge in the database and networking fields. I would like to be at a place where I am able to manage and train other coworkers in order to help grow my company. 6. What can you contribute to this company? I can contribute all of the skills I have learned In my previous database and networking environments.Also, I will be sure that my work, projects, and assignments re all done professionally and in a timely matter. 7. Why are you interested In working for our firm? I am interested in growing my experiences and knowledge in the database and networking fields. I feel that this company will help bring up my skills and keep myself actively learning new technologies. 8. Why are you applying for this p osition? I am applying tort this position because I know that I nave what I t takes to get the work required completed. I will also be able to contribute the skills I have learned in the database and networking fields.

Is Faster Economic Growth a Good Thing?

Is faster stinting suppuration always a trusty thing? Argue the case for and against faster issue and then come to your conclusion. Economics growth has been analyse in differences camps. stintings, environmentalist and sociologist suffer been debating years about the causes and effects of this one, it is a fact that sparing growth is link with life quality and the first one can affect the second one in positive and negative ways, this essay will expose a number of advantages and disadvantages of a speedy economic growth.The construct of economic growth 50 years ago was quite different from the concept nowadays, before, the concept focus on the industrialization and the economy of the country, until the seventies decade when the professor Dudley Seers introduces the concept with strong consequences in equality, un employmentment set out, etc. Economic growth, it is describe in different economic dictionaries as an maturation in the cognitive content of an economy to produce g oods and services,comp atomic number 18dfrom oneperiod of time to another.And it is an authorised part in the increment of the economy to permit the right utilization of the goods and the improvement of living standards however, there are some cases that economic growth it is not a steeply appendage making a rapid economic growth which brought some positives and negatives consequences for the society.One advantage of the growth, it is definitely the fact that governments can reduce or blow out the money borrowing, due to the tax revenue is high and withal there is less money die on benefits for unemployed people, then there is an greater inversion in public services and education, which are important aspects in the ginmill of the development of a country.An increasing of outputs because of the growth, will generate that companies start to employ more and more workers to supply the necessities of the costumer, reducing the aim of unemployment and at the same time making high er incomes, giving the opportunity to get more and better quality goods for consumers It is part of this phenomenon that consumer demand is going to increase pencil lead to an increase as soundly in the investment this one can be ingrained in different ways, one important is technology and innovations making easier and cheaper the production. conomic growth it is working as well improving the business confident making this one more interesting for international investment, this one has also a strong relationship with the unemployment mention before due to the investment will line up the take aim of employment and incomes.These group of advantages are a clearly prove of how important it is a rapid economic growth for the society, improving the life quality and making business profitable which increase the employment rate and income levels, we can find an example of this if we study the economy of some Asian country where a rapid economic growth produce that the percentage of peo ple living with $1 a day hang 12% from 1990 to 2004, however, there are some risks that we have to consider when the economy growth too quickly.When the process of economic growth is too quickly or unsustainable the results are not always good, one disadvantage of this kind of growth is the inflation that is the situation when the average of demand is higher than the average of supply leading an increase in the price of services and goods which is dangerous for the economy because it can be a reduccion in the real value of the money then an inflationary growth could stimulate a recession in the economy.Also if the economic growth is caused by an increase in the customer spending, causing a rise in the level of imports this one can be higher than the level of exports producing a deficit take note by balance of payments problems. Another problem of economic growth is that this one can increase difference income and wealth, because sometimes all the benefit of the growth does not hav e a right distribution, economics measure that by the Gini co-efficient ant this have a big impact in the society such as corruption and regional, also the gap between rich and poor people can become bigger.A different negative factor of economic growth is the big impact of this one on the environment, harmonise to Booth (1991, p. 552), the long-run economic growth relies on the creation of unfermented industries and new forms of economic activity, these new forms of economic activity create new kinds of environmental problems and this problems are becoming worse every day, this is because the level of production and consumption of non renewable recourses has increases the same than the level of air pollution, waste, etc.Basically these are in general some of the advantages and disadvantages of a repid economic growth and we can see that this one play and important role in the increase of the life quality however is not coming risk free, the inequalitie of income a wheat can make an effect in the society the same that the enviroment effects, the important point is that we have to take actions of this a possible way to do it is the sustainable development that is defined In 1987 by the Bruntland Commission n Environment and Development asdevelopment that meets the needs of the present without compromising the expertness of future generations to meet their own needs.

First Generations

In her book offshoot Generations, Carol Berkin basically aims to show the readers the power of wo hands which can be traced through our invoice. Differentiating itself from tralatitious historical texts, studies, and researches, the book does non omit the valid experiences of women during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It wants to show that women of all races -European, Indian, and African- were fine components of 17th- and 18th-century American history.As such, the author tried to examine the various cultures, ideologies, belief and political systems that were present during those early multiplication in coincidence to the roles and norms that enveloped women. With this goal at hand, she tried to find evidences and narrative accounts of the lives of ordinary women. She tried to direct out how these ordinary lives were governed, affected, and altered by the varying social expectations about women.Through all of this, Berkin tries to emphasize that women were prompt partakers in the making of history and the alteration of social norms, values, and systems even at a time when they were denied of touch rights. The books efficacy in providing deeper knowledge of American Culture To identify the efficacy of a classified historical narrative and exploration, the bases that will be used are the conciseness of the narrative, and its accuracy.Basically, the book presented a complete and concise narrative since it presented a multicultural setting as it tackles the experiences of women from various cultural and racial backgrounds. It involves the analyses of women of European, Indian, and African originalities. However, the book does not stop at carefully delineating women through their race and culture. Instead, Berkin moves a misuse higher in careful analysis and examination as she explores not only the popular and braggart(a) women from the various cultural originalities.She presents a book which explores the lives of women through the varied rol es that they perform- as wives, as daughters, as mothers, and as social participants- in relation to their occupation and social class. A particular example is Berkins consultation of Margaret Hardenbroeck, a trader. Berkin was able to track down the life of Hardenbroeck, and illustrate how her colonial life as a businesswoman was altered by English colonization of Netherlands. In the book, Hardenbroecks economic problems, legal rights, and socially-related issues were examined in relation to what her husband have experienced.By doing so, Berkin was able to demonstrate the differences among the social expectations and pressures between a man and a woman. some other identity that Berkin also examined in the book was Eliza Lucas Pinckney. Unlike Hardenbroeck, Pickney was not very exposed to matters of businesses, colonization, and governmental restrictions at first. Instead, she was constantly struggling to fulfill her domestic responsibilities that were traditionally assigned to wo men. By these, it means that Pinckney was more relate and burdened with her roles as a wife, a mother, and a daughter.However, economic circumstances prompted her to adopt expertise in entrepreneurship as she later became the proprietor of her fathers and late husbands plantations. Berkjin narrates that overtime, Pinckney then demonstrable a consciousness of self and a confidence in reason which she garnered from her education. Through these two, Berkin made a valid conclusion when she pointed out that social class altered the supposed to be gender-specific roles of colonial American society.In the case of accuracy, it can be observed that Berkin lacked native materials. As such, she tried to overcome the scarcity of primary sources through thorough research and cross-checking with secondary sources. She even acknowledges the said issue when she stated that though studies of mod England marriage patterns based on diaries and letters and studies of Chesapeake marriage patterns dr awn from demographic data are evenly valid, such cannot be used for a carefully derived cross-culture comparison.However, it seems that her lapse in conclusive data should not be regarded as an important component in her descriptive analysis of the daily lives of women from various geographical regions. It appears that the careful analysis of women of varied social class, racial background, and geographic location during those times is accurate becoming to guarantee that the narrative is a well-researched work fit for collections on women studies.As such, the book gave its readers a deeper knowledge of American culture since it was able to touch on a rarely tackled historical subject and component- women. Moreover, the historical exploration that it presented was rather seemingly complete narrative of women history as Berkin explored marriage, motherhood, social interaction, labor, and beliefs. To add to that, the exploration was make in a compare and contrast manner between the social experiences and pressures faced by men and women.Thus, it was clear why women garnered different roles and patterns of empowerment and development from men. Overall, the book demonstrated that women were important factors in history creation and societal alteration. REFERENCES Berkin, Carol (1997). First Generations Women in Colonial America. First Generations by Carol Berkin. Retrieved January 31, 2008 from www. powells. com/cgi-bin/biblio? inkey=62-9780809016068-0 First Generations by Carol Berkin. Retrieved January 31, 2008 from http//search. barnesandnoble. com/booksearch/isbnInquiry. asp? z=y&endeca=1&isbn=0809016060&itm=2TABS

Analysis of Anselm’s Ontological Argument Essay

This put in does not state that graven images strengths as this ancestry is to prove his existence, not whether or not matinee idol is all-powerful, all-knowing and all-good. The second premise message this greatest possible existence is either an imaginary being that one has thought of or, a being that we not only is not only thought of notwithstanding also exists. The third premise and its torpedo premises states because existing in reality is greater than existing in thought, then the God we pee thought of exists in reality or in that respect must be a greater, or more perfect, being that does exist and that being is God.This leads to the conclusion, if you accept the premises then you accept the existence of the greatest being possible, God. This concept of Gods existence is also led with the idea that God is a obligatory being, a being that is not dependent of something greater in company to exist. If God relied on some other being, like how a children rely on par ents to apprehend them, then this being called God is not God because it would be imperfect. Therefore, there must be another to call God that meets all the requirements for perfection.One of the outset popular objections was created by Gaunilo of Marmoutiers. The premise and conclusion to Gaunilos argument is identical to Anselms argument all overleap with the replacement of the word God with the Lost island and the word being with island. As simple as that, though Gaunilos argument is completely absurd, Gaunilos reductio ad absurdum also proves to be as deductively valid as Anselms argument. However, this Lost Island could in no way exist. The absurdity and validity of the lost island speedily brought up questions as to how Anselms Argument cannot be absurd.Anselms argument was not proven handicap until Immanuel Kant, a german philosopher during the 18th century, proposed an objection that would be the decisive blow to the Ontological argument (Immanuel Kant. Wiki). Kants o bjection is how existence is not a predicate (Mike, screen 25). A predicate is used to see something the subject (this being God in Anselms Argument) is doing. In Aselms Argument, Anselm premise rely on that being conceived and existing in reality is something that describes God. This rationality does not follow because to exist or conceive does not describe the subject, it only tells us whether it exist or not.Much like how fictional characters do not exist, describing cartoon for example would tell us details of what this cartoon looks like, what its habits are and common antics it goes through, but not whether it exists or not. The question of existence must fall in a separate argument that does not define the character. As there are Arguments to prove God, there are debatable arguments to confound the God. The First version of The Argument from Evil goes as follow 1. If God were to exist, then that being would be all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-good. 2. If an all-PKG existe d, then there would be no despicable. . There is wrong. Conclusion Hence, there is no God (Sober, 109) The first premise is the definition of what God would be if he were to exist. That is a being that has the power to do anything, had knowledge of everything end-to-end the span of time and is in all ways good. The second premise is created with the first premise in mind. To expand on the second premise it states, if God were all-powerful he could stop any shape of evil from happening, if he is all knowing then he has knowledge of when evil will follow and if he is all-good then God would stop all evil from happening.If god cannot stop all evil from happening then the definition of God must be incorrect. He then must not be powerful enough to stop all evil, and/or he doesnt know when evil until it has already occurred and/or good is not all good in that God does not bid to stop all evils. The third premise is stating the fact that there is evil in the world. The conclusion der ived since that there is evil, then is what may be defined as God must be lacking in one or two of his qualities and therefore God, by definition, does not exist at all.In order for God to be compatible with evil, God must only allow the evils that would, in turn, lead to a greater amount of good and must take the route that leads to the least amount of evil to fix the greatest amount of good. The soul building defense was created in mind that evil and God co-exist in our world. The defense is that without any evil in the world, our souls would not nurture, or, understand the concept of evil. This defense does not conquer true because there has been many evils in the world that seem unacceptable, even though it may sport been for the purpose of soul building.God, and all-good being, would then only allow the evils that are essential in soul-building. This would only beggarly that evil that man commits against man. The reason for this is because anything that happens in nature ex ceeds soul-building essentials. Another defense is God having given us free will, humans ultimately are the causes of this evil. That is true but the common objection to this is that human do more than enough evil to ourselves, it is going too far to cave in God throw tornados, volcanic eruptions, and hurricanes at us too. At what point do human have such control over nature.The last defense is that God simply works in mysterious ways. Who can explain wherefore natural events take so many lives and injure many others or why some children have to go through great deals of suffering and live through it? It is Gods way and ultimately, no matter how incomprehensible the evil is, it is for the greater good. Certainly the question to Gods existence has been pondered upon by philosophers for over a very long period of time with no progress as whether God exists or not. The ontological argument created by Anselm withstood a great deal of criticism until it was disproved by Kant over 600 y ears after the fact.

Apple and Child Labor Essay

Children and teenagers everyday be put into nestling exertion, to make cash for their families or birth back what their families seizeed. In this paper I pass on examine kidskin elbow grease around the world and why small fryren need to be able to live without world put at a lower place such stress and poor living circumstances. I will also be talking close to how child grate is involved in some electronic companies worry Samsung and Foxconn. Lastly, I will be talking about what most tribe dont know at heart the last pas de deux years the worlds most known electronic company Apple, Inc. has been one of the guiltiest culprits of child labor and of poisoning their employees. Child labor is known all over the world, and we need to put a contain to it nowAlthough child labor is illegal in many countries, many children under the age of cardinal still argon employed in these harsh seduce forces. Many under age employees ar employed by victimization a impostor identifi cation (Thompson). By using a fake identification, children or teenagers can be mistaken for an adult. If the employer says or provides an identification that shows he is age eligible and they allow him for the job, no one would know any different. It is not in the hands of the hiring company to know that the employer is using a fake identification. Children and teenagers are not getting fake identifications and works in these factories for no reason. They are to pay back the money that their family has borrowed from an other(a)(prenominal)s, or the lack of ability to get an education. Child labor could be ca lend oneselfd by problems in the family, with health, or lack of food, money, or water. Multiple governments around the world look the other way.Child labor is illegal but some governments do not punish the companies or groups that use child labor. Child labor is very cruel to the children. Governments and rulers around the world insist that if adults of a family borrow mone y, the family has to pay it back no matter what, even if it means selling their crops for money or put their children into the work force. Due to the fact that children and teenagers are working at such a young age, the children are committing suicide and other self-harms. This should not be happening young adults committing suicide because they are so unhappy or they do not want to work at these companies but also because they are being acc utilise of stealing products.For example, one of Apples suppliers, Foxconn, accused one of their employees of stealing an iPhone prototype. The employee would not refuse to steal an iPhone and would not have done such a thing to get himself in trouble. The possibilities of his pay being withheld and being physi seey punished was very high for the employee. As a result he killed himself he did not want to be under the large amount of stress added to the amount that he already had (Usher). This occurs in a lot of work forces, where the employe es get so stressed and out of declare that they cannot bare to live anymore it happens especially in electronic factories in Asia.Many people hold of child labor being associated with clothing, furniture, or toys, but in reality its not. Child labor is known in every industry. One industry that we all use is the electronic industry. Child labor is used in the electronic industry in a big way, not as a lot as clothing or furniture, but close to it. The Apple IPAD tablet you are holding in your hand, the Apple T.V media portal you are watching shows off of each night, the Apple Iphone you just used to call or text your friend, are all made with the help of child labour. Apples assume provider Foxconn, has been proven to have employees under the age of Twelve (Usher).Foxconns manufacturing plants in Asia have admitted to having child employees that have been poisoned, and some have committed suicide (Usher). This is a situation Apple has a effortful time controlling. The use of c hild labor in the electronic industry should not be happening at all. It should not be happening in any industry period. Child Labour has been used to try and sabotage the success of certain companies. Samsung was accused of having workers under the age of twelve working in their factories Thompson. Samsung has denied the fact that they have underage workers. The rumor was created by RIM (Blackberry) to sabotage Samsung and gain an advantage in the marketplace. Samsung does not have employees under the age of twelve working for them.The name Steve Jobs brings so many awesome thoughts into your head, how he was the co-founder of the largest high tech companies in the wold, the go to guy and CEO of Apple, a multi-billionaire, and philanthropist (In Your take care Radio). Steve Jobs was an tremendous man, but in realty he was just like a lot of other top executives, which get carried away with their money and make some bad decisions (In Your Face Radio). Many people think that Jobs was the one who started exploiting children in the business. It was said that Steve Jobs that created the child labor issues in the business because he upset focus and innovation in what he was doing, lost control of his factories and caused such a dilemma in the industry that almost broke the companys reputation. (Does Steve).Apples factory, Foxconn, has been caught with having 164 children in total working in many different factories around the world. (Clarke and Williams). Foxconn has been caught poisoning their employees with n-hexane, and have also been caught for abusing their workers. Tim Costello led a study in Taiwan, and went into to Foxconn and created a report based on the workers lives in Foxconn. The study showed that the company was abusing their employees by tangible violence (Myslewski). Now this is in Foxconns factories where they make the parts for the Apple devices. Foxconn has fully admitted to all of the above.The major(ip) part of Apples manufacturing that i s using child labor is Foxconn. As I said ahead Foxconn is the company with over 164 children working in its factory, they have been caught abusing and poisoning their employees. Foxconn is relied upon a lot by Apple. By being caught employing children to manufacture components, has caused an upset within Apple, and the ability to reply on Foxconn has come into question. Apple is an amazing company however we need to know more about what goes on behind the closed doors within their manufacturing plants and their manufacturing partners facilities.In my opinion Apple is guilty in this situation of child labor. Personally I will continue to use Apples products because I believe Foxconn needs to organize their company and other factories that Apple is associated with or Apple needs to find another supplier. In order to fix the crisis of child labor I think that there should be a worldwide legal age to work and which each government must implement. This will decrease the young aged empl oyees that work in countries like India, China, Japan, Pakistan, and many more. Due to there being no worldwide legal working age, problems like child labor occur. Child labor needs to stop, and companies like Apple can lead the way to neuter just like they have led the way in technology.

Formation and Maintenance of Relationship

tie and evaluate the formation and maintenance of transactionhips In the field of psychology, the most common dealinghips are classified into 3 types * Romantic clement relationship * Social relationships (Friendship) * Family relationship Romantic relationships Formation According to the Reward/ Need triumph opening of Bryne and Clore in the 1970s, some romantic relationship may develop due to their satisfaction and satisfaction they achieve when spending time with the other accessory. Most mountain when being asked why they are attracted to their partners would suffice back with answers like attentive, attractive, supporting, caring, etc.This suggests that we are more(prenominal)(prenominal) likely to be attracted to people that we are satisfied or gratified to be with. Most stimuli in our lives can be classified into negative and honour ones. We consort to search for rewarding stimuli and avoid the negative stimuli. The things that we are most likely going to find r ewarding tend to reflect our unsatisfied strikes such(prenominal) as the need for company, financial security, an attractive partner and so on. Mutual attractions usually occurs when one meets the others take although one might need company and the other in search for financial security. MaintenanceWhat keeps relationships going? Some relationship neer seem to last and have any passion in while some can be extremely enormous-lasting and may even last for a life-time. Maintaining relationships was never a one-way process, it involves and requires the interaction of both the participants, each with their own needs and expectations. The partners non only have to serve their own needs save also satisfy the needs of their partners. The tender exchange theory by Thibaut and Kelley in 1959 In terms of profit and loss, individuals always attempt to maximise the profit and minimise the hunting expedition needed.Rewards that may be received in a relationship can vary from care, money , companionship and sex. The effort needed that is the cost may vary from financial investments, time spent and attention given. The reward minus the costs is sufficient to the outcome or the profitability of the relationship. The stress of a relationship is dependent on the profitability of the relationship. Equilty theory of Walster et al. in 1978 This theory suggests that the most successful and longterm relationships are ones that have a balanced giving and receiving.It had a central assumption that everyone long for fairness in their relationship and when one puts a lot of effort into the relationship but gets little in return, they would feel unfair and in paleness would create stress in the relationship, The greater the unfairness and inequity is, the more distress it would create in the relationship. Other theories Other theories such as the one put forward by Steil and Wletman in 1991 suggests that men and women may judge the equity of a relationship more diametrically.St udies have shown that when the income is mainly from the male side, the career would become a more important priority and it is usually agreed by both sides. However, when the female earn more than the male, incomplete partner rated their career as priority. Social relationships Friendship Inter ad hominem psychology research object mental relationship betwixt people, is something much deeper than behavior, the relevance and necessity of the law of the behavior of the individual exchanges.Interpersonal theory of mental research tasks Is to fully reveal and clarify the general rules and mechanisms of sociable development, analyze the theoretical basis of friendly figure out individual and personal interaction of individuals and groups, and people in the system of social cognitive operation explore social attitudes, social perception, self-perception, psychological control, interpersonal influence, interpersonal attraction, interpersonal conflict and group behavior, interper sonal.To certify interpersonal psychology unique concepts, terminology, category system, to provide a basis for further improve interpersonal psychology scientific theoretical system, accumulation of material for the enrichment and development of psychological theory and methods, this is a long and arduous job. At the same time, but also the interpersonal psychology in China as soon as possible, that is suitable for Chinas national conditions, after selection intake the Chinese way, to establish the effective interpersonal psychology system in line with Chinas national conditions for reform and opening up.Task of the interpersonal psychological research practice (1) the right to deal with interpersonal relationships. (2) to adjust the interpersonal relationships. (3) continue to improve interpersonal relationships. (4) the development of new relationships. (5) correct deformity relationships. Interpersonal relations and social relations (1) interpersonal and social relations are two antithetic concepts, can not be confused.Interpersonal relationships as a social relationship between the role and any other shape of social relations, is bound by the constraints of the relations of production, but also by other social relations, and thus should be examined in the interpersonal relationships deep down the social relations. At the same time, we should also see interpersonal relationships is the true reality of social relations phenomenon. 2) interpersonal and objective social relations is generated at the same time, interpersonal outset by the constraints touch of social relations, social relations exist in the relationships among Of course, social relations with the interpersonal concept of two-level has different theoretical generalization force. Emphasize the reality of the relationship between the overall aspects of non-personalized social relations, interpersonal relationships is more individual, personalized to show the reality aspect.Relationships ar e formed on the basis of the social relations, but not the same thing. Social relations is the object of sociological research, which on the one hand to lease the relationship of the human and material the other hand, social relations, including the relationship between the ideological, legal relationship, the moral relationship. While interpersonal interpersonal direct psychological relations, it is constrained by social relations, is a reflection of social relations, but it has a certain relative independence.Relationships are a product of social relations (1) any kind of interpersonal is always social relations. (2) the fundamental nature of human relationships is determined by the nature of the social patterns of social relations of production. (3) changes in interpersonal relationships is determined by changes in social relations. (4) the complexity of the personal relationships is determined by the complexity of the social relations. Necessity of interpersonal ResearchNot exi st in isolation, the links with the community, is bound to a variety of relationships, including family relationships, friend relationship, Jacky (students) relationship, the teacher-student relationship, employment relationship, comrades relations, colleagues and leadership and leadership relations. With the thoughts, feelings, and behavior in the process of interaction of these relationships, interaction and communication with others, these relations between different objects will point to different directions.Healthy relationship is to attract and cooperation but because of the environmental impact of personality factors, psychological factors and other reasons, many people deal with bad interpersonal relationships will inevitably be caught in the contradictions and pain, the relationship between the parties do not have enough wisdom to resolve resulting inner conflict, will be plunged into a crisis of human relationships, even interpersonal psychological barriers, thereby reduci ng their life happiness index.Important links between interpersonal and psychological health, good interpersonal comes from a thinking(a) state of mind, self-confident, optimistic, calm, fraternity, to help others, humility, tolerance, and so on, these good gauge behavior in interpersonal play a very good role in promoting, healthy relationships can also make people relieve stress, calm down, peoples personal development, physical and mental health also played a positive role.On the other hand, problems in interpersonal relationships, will be more or less there some psychological problems, even psychological barriers interpersonal, in the interaction between people, they express more conceited, self-esteem negative psychological interference of others, suspicious, sensitive, jealous, resulting interpersonal again and again thwarted. Therefore, to study the psychology of interpersonal relationships came into being.

Treatment of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Servicemen Research Paper

Treatment of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Servicemen - Research Paper usageResearch reveals that three categories of person are inflicted on this disorder. These categories could be broadly identified to be war veterans, assault survivors and people diagnosed with painful childhood history. The research focuses upon military machine personnel who have veritable the PTSD disorders during the various traumatic disorders go about in war (England, 2009).The research throws light on well-nigh instances due to which people are subjected to PTSD. Children who are neglected or abused in their childhood days develop this disorder in their youth or in adulthood. The research reflects that people who have a traumatic past are subjected to this disorder when they gradually grow old. Sexual Assault survivors account to a greater extent(prenominal) in number to become mental patient that is associated with the disorders of PTSD. Women who feel neglected in the society whitetho rn develop the chances of PTSD (Mayo Clinic 2015).Researchers have collected the information about the military personnel and the fact that becomes know is that around more than one million military U.S. troops were deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan, since 2001. These military families have eventd with a number of challenges, especially those families where soldiers belonging to that family have not returned home. Soldiers are subjected to PTSD as they face in war and subjected to more focussing like circumstances in the confrontation. Mental pain is more severe than physical pain. A family member, as well as the soldier, face this disorder due to the traumatic situations they face during the traumatic lifestyle they have incurred. PTSD symptoms are very common among military personnel, as they have to readjust with civilian life after coming from the military background. Hyper vigilance, nightmares and insomnia as soldiers pass judgment to assimilate and execute their war zone ex periences. These symptoms are likely to be stronger for those who have undergone immense stress during the immediate lifestyle. In RAND study, corporation that provide objective research services, it was found that out of five military veterans deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan, one is found to exhibit the symptom of PTSD (Maguen, 2008).

Productivity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

productiveness - Essay Exampledefine productivity as a measure of performance as compared to the balance of output produced in relation to the input inserted into every task or project. This definition, however, shouldnt tie any other opinion down as versatile knowledge bases would come up with various definitions inclined their respective contexts.Many factors have been brought to the forefront in a bid to expound the basis that productivity is defined. Leonhard and Simaan consider productivity as a function derived from quality of work, time, and the initial budget. On the other hand, boylike groups factors that affect productivity such as the human resource management, work environment, and the particular job in context (Young, 2010). This report giveing consider round of those factors that affect productivity, especially in construction-related projects, therefore, trying to enamor points in which productivity could be improved. The structure of the paper will have a lit erature look backward section, an analysis of the relevant aspects that surround productivity, and a conclusion summed up from the entire work (Leonhard and Simaan, 2010).This section will sample two case studies of construction projects where analyses were performed to measure the productivity levels at each scenario using various techniques, and the conclusion summed up from the analyses. The undertaken steps to rectify the factors that lowered productivity will be discussed. All these discussions will be aligned with the factors that affect productivity and the refinement will help us see or so ways to improve productivity these aspects will be expounded more in the next section of this report. wind of the Commercial Bank Headquarters in Edinburgh was undertaken as a case study to see some of the factors that affected productivity. The managers in charge of this big project took the initiative to check up on their employee productivity. The primary(prenominal) participants wer e the top-level project managers and the onsite workers who were used

Commercial contracting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Commercial agitateing - Essay ExampleFor advising Transco regarding these issues, the following discussion, relating to the harm used in the letters from Minerva and Hedge Plc have been taken up for discussion. Essay 1 put down to Contract The formation of beseechs is a process that is subject to continual change. This process has gradually acquired considerable enlargement and involves much higher stakes. Nevertheless, some features of this process have remained unchanged. For instance, the negotiators are interested at reaching an understanding and are keen to gain the maximum profit from it. These objectives are inherently contradictory because, a society that is interested in effecting an agreement might be required to behave in a stylus that diminishes its profits.1 It has been a long standing practice to employ the device of subject to contract in contractual negotiations. This expedient prevents the emergence of contractual liabilities, during contractual deliberations . Its use in correspondence that transpires before a contract is formed connotes the absence of contractual obligation till such time as a contract is formed.2 The subsequent communicate of the parties to an agreement, primarily determines the outcome of the condition subject to contract. ... Furthermore, this term cannot be employed to register that no binding contract can be formed. In addition to the written words and negotiations the conduct of the parties also determines the existence of a binding contract.4 As a result, any instruction to commence work, previous to arriving at a final agreement, should be dealt with great care. In Regalian Properties plc v London Dock discharge Development Corpn 1995 it was held that an tour that had been accepted, subject to contract was not binding in nature. In this case, the plaintiff was a property developer who make its offer via a letter entitled subject to contract. 5 Due to difficulties envisaged in acquiring the land by the defen dant and other reasons, the contract proved difficult to materialise. The plaintiff claimed heavy damages, which the court rejected, as the work had been undertaken on the basis of subject to contract, which implied the absence of a contract betwixt the plaintiff and the defendant. The plaintiff had incurred considerable expenditure, in the anticipation of procuring the contract. The court held that the plaintiffs actions had been at its own risk, as on that point was no binding contract between the plaintiff and the defendant.6 Thus, subject to contract provides a stratagem for circumventing liability in such claims. In Confetti Records v Warner Music UK Ltd 2003, it was ruled by the court that the inclusion of a track from the album did not constitute an infringement of copyright. The inclusion of the term subject to contract indicates that the ships company has no intention to confer a binding nature on deal memo. However, the act of direct the track and invoice by the claiman ts was to be considered a valid offer. If the defendant had

Pollution Due to Vehicular Emissions Case Study

defilement Due to Vehicular Emissions - Case analyse ExampleIt changed from a colonial headquarters to a national capital. It was suddenly the most important and alert center for governance, commerce, industry, culture and education.The consequent rise in population and economic activity resulted in the citys unparalleled growth. With civic amenities not being able to keep pace with the citys expansion in term of population, vehicles, loss of green cover and so on, pollution rose and touched alarming levels. The state government activity along with non-government organizations and concerned citizens including school children has been aware for some time now about the urgency of memory pollution under control. Some measures have been taken though the battle against pollution is still cold from won.This paper examines the problem of pollution ca recitationd by vehicular emissions in the Indian Capital of New Delhi. The go taken to control it, subsequent results and future inten tions are discussed briefly. accord to the White Paper on Pollution in Delhi, 1997, 67% of the total air pollution can be attributed to vehicular emissions. The phenomenal join on in number of vehicles in Delhi can be best appreciated when one is confronted with actual numbers. According to the same paper it is learnt that number of vehicles in Delhi rose from two hundred and thirty five gibibyte in 1975 to two million six hundred and twenty nine thousand in 1996 objet dart in 1975 the number of vehicles in Delhi and Mumbai were about the same, by 1997, Delhi had three times the number of vehicles in Mumbai.sympathy the urgency of the situation the Ministry of environs and Forests after much deliberation with concerned government agencies, NGOs, experts and citizens, produced a across-the-board Action Plan that prescribed a number of measures to combat Delhis rapidly increasing pollution. It was quite wee-wee that if the air in Delhi was to be cleared, vehicular emissions had to be addressed first of all in each strategy to control air pollution in the city.Earlier in 1995 the Centre for Science and Environment had succeeded in creating awareness among the people of the dangers of air pollution in Delhi. The CSE campaign called for a shift from use of diesel as fuel for vehicles in Indian cities towards savorless Natural Gas.Eventually, in December 2002 the Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) program was implemented. All public transport vehicles had to run on CNG only. Air tint in Delhi improved perceptibly yet there was still much scope for improvement.Five eld later, by November 2007, an alarm went up again with annual average levels of reparable suspended particulate numerate showing an upward swing the previous year. It was believed that the gains from the CNG program had been lost with all first generation options having been exhausted.Sunita Narain, music director CSE said strict measures needed to be taken with a second generation of reforms that would address invigorated challenges. The rate at which the city was adding new personal vehicles each day to its roads doubled that of the pre-CNG days.However, the gravity of the situation was not lost on at least some members of the government and the Chief curate of Delhi, Ms Sheila

Final report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Final report - Essay ExampleFor Burger poove, nutriment and paper for the three years ended June 30, 2004 to 2006 were $391 one million million, $437 million, and $470 million respectively, constituting 23.26%, 24.43%, and 25.03% of the total operating costs and expenses respectively (Burger big businessman Holdings, Inc. a, 2006). Food and paper are only incurred with each burger sold.For McDonalds, payroll and employee benefits for the three years ended celestial latitude 31, 2003 to 2005 were $3,411.4 million, $3,726.3 million, and $4,039.2 million respectively, constituting 23.84%, 24.00%, and 24.57% of the total operating costs and expenses respectively (McDonalds Corporation, 2005). For Burger King, payroll and employee benefits for the three years ended June 30, 2004 to 2006 were $382 million, $415 million, and $446 million respectively, constituting 22.72%, 23.20%, and 23.75% of the total operating costs and expenses respectively (Burger King Holdings, Inc. a, 2006). Alth ough payroll and employee benefits for support staff such as finance and human resources are more or less fixed cost, we can reasonably dupe that they are only a small proportion of total payroll and employee benefits. Since McDonalds has more than 8,000 restaurants worldwide (McDonalds Corporation, 2005) and Burger King has more than 1,200 restaurants worldwide (Burger King Holdings, Inc.

Role of Engineers in Sustainable Construction Assignment

Role of Engineers in sustainable Construction - Assignment ExampleArchitectural engineers welcome a tremendous responsibility when it comes to sustainable development, in particular its implementation, because of their central role in construction, as well as their skills and knowledge (Donnelly & Boyle, 2006 p149). This report seeks to examine the aspects necessary to construct a sustainable building for orchard apple tree Corporation. The report allow focus on the issues that the Apple building must take into consideration in keeping with the sustainability of construction pioneered in Sydneys go tour. First, the engineers must quantify the carbonic acid gas lifecycle of concrete from the occupation of raw materials, their transport to the construction site, and concrete toil (Park et al, 2012 p2941). This will be done with the aim of pinpointing the processes that require more effort in reduction of carbonic acid gas emissions. After this, is completed, the engineers shoul d now use this information to come up with the appropriate concrete technologies that will tame emissions and improve energy force. Finally, the engineers will also have to design a diagrid faade that increases the energy efficiency and sustainability of the Apple building by reducing electricity needs. ... According to Park et al, the process of concrete production is divided into various stages, including raw material production, material transportation, and concrete production, all of which must be assesses to sign emissions (Park et al, 2012 p2942), as shown in cecal appendage 1. Park et al (2012), build on Donnelly & Boyles assertion on the importance of architectural engineers in sustainable construction by asserting that they will have to assess the CO2 emissions in concrete lifecycle, especially as they seek to increase the compressive strength of concrete. This can be done through computing for the emitted CO2 and consumed energy for production of cement, admixture, and aggregate as shown in appendix 2. During transportation, the fuel used by trucks, distance travelled, and their fuel efficiency is important. Finally, with regards to production, the total consumption of energy and CO2 emission is measured for the storage, transportation, measurement, and mixing stages (Park et al, 2012 p2943). These emissions are assessed with the aim of reducing emissions and improving sustainability of the environment. The engineers will also have to come up with ways to accurately assess these emissions during the construction of the Apple building so as to ensure that it fits within the confines of allowed emissions in the area covered by the Sydney walking tour. In this case, the engineers will have to analyze the emissions from the cement, coarse aggregate, fly ash, blast furnace slag, water, fine aggregate, and water with reduction of admixture in different proportions (Park et al, 2012 p2944). The engineers will also be required to analyze the lifecycle of CO2 emissions. Taking into account the lifecycle of